Assisi: Following in the Footsteps of St. Francis
Tired of Tuscan crowds and searching for a more authentic Italian experience? Discover the serene beauty of Umbria, often called Italy’s best-kept secret. This region, nestled in the heart of the country, boasts rolling hills blanketed in vineyards and olive groves, ancient medieval towns clinging to hilltops, and a rich cultural heritage that stretches back millennia. Umbria offers a captivating blend of art, history, and natural wonders that promises an unforgettable journey. This guide will lead you through the must-see attractions of Umbria, providing a glimpse into its history, artistic treasures, and breathtaking landscapes. Prepare to be enchanted by the charm of Assisi, the vibrant energy of Perugia, the dramatic beauty of Orvieto, and so much more as we uncover the wonders of what to see in Umbria.
No visit to Umbria is complete without experiencing the spiritual heart of Assisi. This UNESCO World Heritage site is renowned as the birthplace of St. Francis, one of the most revered figures in Christianity. Assisi’s enduring appeal lies in its profound spiritual significance, combined with its breathtaking architectural beauty and the tranquil atmosphere that permeates its streets.
The centerpiece of Assisi is undoubtedly the Basilica di San Francesco, a magnificent complex that comprises two churches built one above the other. The Upper Basilica is renowned for its stunning frescoes, particularly those attributed to Giotto and Cimabue, which depict scenes from the life of St. Francis. These vibrant artworks offer a fascinating glimpse into the medieval world and provide a powerful visual narrative of the saint’s life and teachings. The Lower Basilica, in contrast, features a more somber and contemplative atmosphere, housing the tomb of St. Francis himself. Pilgrims from all over the world flock to this sacred site to pay their respects and experience the deep sense of spirituality that permeates the air.
Beyond the Basilica, Assisi offers a wealth of other historical and architectural treasures. Rocca Maggiore, the imposing fortress that towers over the town, offers breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding Umbrian countryside. Explore the Piazza del Comune, the heart of Assisi, which is home to the Temple of Minerva, a remarkably well-preserved Roman temple that has been incorporated into a later church. The Basilica di Santa Chiara, dedicated to St. Clare, a follower of St. Francis, is another significant religious site.
When planning your visit to Assisi, consider visiting during the shoulder seasons (spring or fall) to avoid the summer crowds. Remember to dress modestly when visiting religious sites, covering shoulders and knees. Guided tours are readily available and can provide valuable insights into the history and art of Assisi.
Perugia: Chocolate, History, and Hilltop Views
Perugia, the capital of Umbria, offers a vibrant and dynamic contrast to the serene spirituality of Assisi. This bustling university town is steeped in history, boasting a rich artistic heritage and a reputation for delicious chocolate. Perched atop a hilltop, Perugia offers stunning views of the surrounding countryside and a lively atmosphere that draws visitors from around the globe.
The heart of Perugia is Piazza IV Novembre, a bustling square dominated by the Fontana Maggiore, a magnificent medieval fountain adorned with intricate sculptures. The Palazzo dei Priori, a grand Gothic palace, overlooks the square and houses the Galleria Nazionale dell’Umbria, home to a remarkable collection of Umbrian art from the Middle Ages and Renaissance.
One of Perugia’s most fascinating attractions is the Rocca Paolina, a sprawling underground fortress that was built in the sixteenth century. Explore the labyrinthine passages and chambers of this hidden city beneath the city, a testament to Perugia’s complex and turbulent history.
If you’re visiting Perugia in October, be sure to check out Eurochocolate, the annual chocolate festival that transforms the city into a chocolate lover’s paradise. Indulge in chocolate tastings, workshops, and demonstrations, and immerse yourself in the sweet delights of Italian chocolate.
Perugia is best explored on foot, allowing you to soak up the atmosphere of its narrow streets and hidden alleyways. Consider visiting in the spring or fall for pleasant weather and fewer crowds. Don’t miss the opportunity to sample some of Perugia’s famous chocolate, particularly the Baci Perugina, hazelnut-filled chocolates that are a local specialty.
Orvieto: A City Atop a Tufa Cliff
Orvieto is a city that truly takes your breath away. Its dramatic location atop a sheer tufa cliff, combined with its architectural marvels, makes it one of the most unforgettable sights in Umbria. From a distance, Orvieto appears to float ethereally above the surrounding landscape, its majestic Duomo gleaming in the sunlight.
The Duomo di Orvieto is the undisputed masterpiece of the city, a stunning cathedral that is renowned for its ornate facade, intricate mosaics, and breathtaking frescoes. Step inside to admire the Chapel of San Brizio, adorned with dramatic frescoes by Luca Signorelli that depict scenes from the Apocalypse.
Another must-see attraction in Orvieto is the Pozzo di San Patrizio, a remarkable engineering feat that was commissioned in the sixteenth century. This deep well features a double helix staircase that allows visitors to descend to the bottom without ever crossing paths with those ascending.
Explore the Orvieto Underground, a network of Etruscan tunnels and caves that lie beneath the city. Guided tours offer a fascinating glimpse into the city’s ancient past and the ingenuity of its early inhabitants.
Getting to Orvieto is an experience in itself. From the train station, take the funicular up the cliff to the city center. Once in Orvieto, take the time to sample the local Orvieto Classico wine, a crisp and refreshing white wine that is produced in the surrounding vineyards. Don’t forget to find a good viewing point to admire the breathtaking panoramic views from the edge of the cliff.
Gubbio: Medieval Charm and Wolf Legend
Gubbio is a charming medieval town that is steeped in history and legend. Its well-preserved architecture and tranquil atmosphere make it a delightful destination for those seeking an authentic Umbrian experience. Gubbio is also closely associated with St. Francis, who is said to have tamed a fierce wolf that was terrorizing the town.
The heart of Gubbio is Piazza Grande, a magnificent square that is dominated by the Palazzo dei Consoli, a grand Gothic palace that houses the town’s museum. Take a ride on the Funivia Colle Eletto, a cable car that ascends to the top of Monte Ingino, where you’ll find the Basilica of Sant’Ubaldo, dedicated to the town’s patron saint.
The legend of the Wolf of Gubbio is a captivating tale that has been passed down through generations. According to the story, St. Francis tamed a ferocious wolf that had been preying on the townspeople, teaching it to live in peace with the community.
Gubbio is easily accessible by car or bus. Be sure to try the local specialty, Crescia, a type of flatbread that is typically filled with cheese, cured meats, or vegetables. Take some time to explore the artisan shops that line the town’s narrow streets, where you’ll find a variety of handcrafted souvenirs.
Spoleto: Art, History, and a Famous Festival
Spoleto is a city that seamlessly blends art, history, and culture. Its Roman roots are evident in its ancient ruins, while its artistic heritage is showcased in its stunning cathedrals and museums. Spoleto is also home to the Festival dei Due Mondi, an internationally renowned arts festival that attracts performers and visitors from around the world.
The Ponte delle Torri, an impressive medieval bridge, is one of Spoleto’s most iconic landmarks. The Duomo di Spoleto, the city’s cathedral, is a masterpiece of Romanesque architecture, housing stunning frescoes and works of art. Explore the ruins of the Roman Theater, a testament to Spoleto’s ancient past.
If you’re visiting Spoleto in the summer, be sure to check out the Festival dei Due Mondi, a celebration of music, theater, dance, and opera. Explore the Rocca Albornoziana, a fortress overlooking the city, offering panoramic views.
Beyond the Main Cities: Exploring Umbria’s Hidden Gems
While Umbria’s major cities are undoubtedly worth visiting, the region’s true charm lies in its smaller towns and natural attractions. Renting a car is highly recommended for exploring the countryside and discovering these hidden gems.
(Note: The following descriptions may need to be adjusted based on current conditions, especially concerning Castelluccio di Norcia.)
Castelluccio di Norcia
If visiting in late spring or early summer (check current status due to earthquake recovery), witness the breathtaking “fioritura,” the flowering of the plains. This spectacle of color transforms the landscape into a vibrant tapestry of wildflowers.
Montefalco
Known as the “Balcony of Umbria,” Montefalco offers stunning views of the surrounding countryside and is famous for its Sagrantino wine.
Spello
Visit Spello during the Infiorate festival, when the town’s streets are adorned with elaborate flower displays.
Lake Trasimeno
Explore the shores of Lake Trasimeno, Umbria’s largest lake, and visit the charming towns that dot its coastline, such as Castiglione del Lago.
Cascate delle Marmore
Marvel at the Cascate delle Marmore, a series of man-made waterfalls that are among the tallest in Europe.
Food and Drink in Umbria
Umbrian cuisine is characterized by its simplicity, use of fresh, local ingredients, and emphasis on regional specialties. Truffles are a prized ingredient in Umbrian cooking, adding a luxurious touch to many dishes. Olive oil is another staple, used generously in everything from salads to pasta sauces.
Popular dishes include strangozzi, a type of thick, hand-rolled pasta, and palombacci alla ghiotta, roasted pigeon cooked with herbs and spices. Don’t miss the opportunity to try torta al testo, a flatbread cooked on a griddle and filled with various ingredients.
Umbria is also home to a number of excellent wines, including Sagrantino di Montefalco, a bold red wine, and Orvieto Classico, a crisp white wine. Consider trying a truffle hunting experience to learn more about this prized ingredient and sample some delicious truffle-infused dishes.
Planning Your Trip to Umbria
The best time to visit Umbria is during the spring or fall, when the weather is pleasant and the crowds are smaller. Summer can be hot and crowded, while winter can be cold and rainy.
Renting a car is highly recommended for exploring the Umbrian countryside, as public transportation can be limited in some areas. A mix of accommodation options are available, from hotels to agriturismi (farm stays).
Umbria is generally more affordable than Tuscany, but prices can vary depending on the season and location.
Conclusion
Umbria, the Green Heart of Italy, offers a captivating blend of art, history, natural beauty, and culinary delights. From the spiritual heart of Assisi to the vibrant energy of Perugia and the dramatic beauty of Orvieto, Umbria offers something for everyone. So, escape the crowds and discover the authentic charm of Umbria for yourself. This region offers a taste of authentic Italy, where the pace of life is slower, the food is delicious, and the scenery is breathtaking. Come and discover its magic, and find what to see in Umbria that truly captivates you.
