Introduction
The world often remembers the 1930s as a time of hardship, the shadow of the Great Depression cast long and dark. Yet, even amidst economic turmoil, a certain glamour bloomed. It was a decade of resilience, innovation, and an unwavering desire for beauty. And nowhere was this more evident than in the hairstyles of the era. From the silver screen’s enchanting allure to the everyday elegance of women navigating challenging times, the hairstyles of the 1930s were a testament to a desire for grace, refinement, and a touch of Hollywood magic. This article will explore the defining hairstyles of this remarkable decade, delving into their origins, characteristic details, and the enduring legacy that continues to inspire fashion today.
The world watched and waited. It looked to Hollywood for escape, inspiration, and a glimmer of hope.
The Social and Cultural Context
The backdrop of the nineteen thirties was a complex interplay of economic devastation and burgeoning cultural shifts. The Great Depression, which began with the stock market crash of twenty nine, had a profound impact on every aspect of life. Money was scarce, and the emphasis shifted towards frugality and resourcefulness. Fashion mirrored this trend, with clothing becoming more streamlined and practical. Despite the financial constraints, a desire for beauty and elegance persisted. Hair, in particular, became a canvas for creativity, a way for women to express themselves and maintain a sense of self-worth during an era of uncertainty.
The rise of Hollywood, ironically, provided a counterpoint to the hardships. The film industry flourished, offering audiences a much-needed escape from reality. Movie stars became fashion icons, their hairstyles eagerly imitated by women worldwide. Actresses like Joan Crawford, Jean Harlow, and Bette Davis set the trends, and their glamorous looks shaped the aesthetics of the era. Studios meticulously crafted these images, understanding the power of visual appeal.
The changing roles of women during the era also influenced hairstyle choices. Although traditional societal expectations remained, women were increasingly entering the workforce, gaining more independence, and participating in public life. This shift led to more practical, yet still elegant, hairstyles that suited their active lifestyles. The bold, often rebellious styles of the flapper era were slowly giving way to a more sophisticated and refined aesthetic. The nineteen thirties hairstyles were characterized by a polished, elegant quality, a perfect reflection of the times’ shift towards refined sophistication.
Key Hairstyles of the 1930s: Waves and Bobs
One of the most iconic and ubiquitous styles of the era was the wave. The art of the wave, often achieved with careful manipulation and the right tools, offered a soft, graceful silhouette. Let’s explore the most popular wave styles of the time.
The Marcel Wave
The Marcel Wave, a testament to the ingenuity of hairstyling, was a defining feature of the nineteen thirties look. Created using heated curling tongs, the Marcel Wave produced deep, sculpted waves that cascaded across the head in a series of graceful curves. This technique, named after the French hairdresser Marcel Grateau, required skill and precision. The resulting waves were incredibly elegant and created a sense of volume and movement. The Marcel Wave was versatile, adaptable to both short and longer hair, and suited a variety of face shapes. Hollywood stars, of course, fully embraced this style. Icons like Veronica Lake and Ginger Rogers, epitomized the glamour of the Marcel Wave, with their perfectly coiffed locks adding to their star power.
Finger Waves
Finger waves were another significant hairstyle. Created by manipulating the hair between the fingers to create “S” shaped waves. This technique did not involve any heat and provided a more defined, sculpted look. Finger waves were often adorned with accessories like barrettes or decorative combs. Finger waves took more care to get perfect. These finger waves were perfect for shorter hair. They were a favorite among the more avant-garde, as it offered a more modern look compared to the more conservative look of the Marcel waves.
Soft Waves
Soft waves were another popular look. These were less structured than the Marcel wave and finger waves, offering a more natural look. Created with gentle curling and styling, soft waves gave a sense of movement and effortlessness. This softer approach to waving hair provided a beautiful, romantic style for the nineteen thirties.
The Bob Variations
Beyond waves, bobs took center stage. These cuts were a staple of nineteen thirties hairstyles. They presented a flattering and versatile base for a range of styles.
The Chin-Length Bob
The chin-length bob was a timeless and adaptable hairstyle that epitomized the nineteen thirties aesthetic. The bob was characterized by its simple, clean lines and its ability to frame the face beautifully. The chin-length bob could be worn sleek and smooth, or styled with waves and curls to suit various preferences. The chin-length bob was often complemented by side-swept bangs, adding a touch of softness and femininity.
Bob Variations
Variations on the bob were very popular as well. Angled bobs and more classic bobs each offered a different look. Angled bobs included hair cut shorter in the back, and longer towards the front. Classic bobs were all one length, a simple look that was often worn with waves.
The Long Bob (Lob)
The long bob, also known as the “lob,” began to gain traction. This style, which typically hit the shoulders, gave women a more relaxed and modern look, and allowed for versatility in styling. This hairstyle gave women an opportunity to style their hair in waves, curls, or sleek and straight styles. The Lob was perfect for anyone who wanted a little extra hair to play with.
Updos, Braids, and More
Updos
Updos were popular, providing elegant options for evening events and special occasions. These styles showcase the beauty of the hair, and added a touch of sophistication.
The Chignon
The chignon, a classic and timeless updo, was a favorite among nineteen thirties women. The chignon, often created by twisting the hair at the nape of the neck, was a sophisticated and practical style. The style was often decorated with accessories like combs, barrettes, or decorative pins.
Braids
Braids, too, offered a way to achieve a variety of looks, from intricate up-dos to simpler, more casual styles. Many women loved the look of a braid, and they were very versatile.
The “Pageboy” and Short Cuts
The “pageboy” and shorter cuts offered a sleek and stylish alternative to the more voluminous hairstyles of the era. The pageboy, with its smooth, rounded shape, was particularly popular.
The Pageboy
The pageboy was a versatile style that was popular in the nineteen thirties. The pageboy offered a smooth rounded shape, and was great for framing the face. The pageboy could be styled with a side part, and often incorporated a fringe.
Short Cuts
Short cuts were also quite fashionable. Women enjoyed short cuts for their ease of care. These were often styled with waves or curls, and created a chic, sophisticated look.
The Creation and Maintenance of the Hairstyles
The tools and techniques employed to achieve these iconic hairstyles were just as important as the styles themselves. The nineteen thirties brought with it new innovations for hair care.
Tools and Techniques
Heat was a key element in the creation of many nineteen thirties styles. Curling irons, particularly the Marcel iron, were used to create waves and curls. These tools required practice and skill, but the results were well worth the effort.
Hair Preparation
The preparation of hair involved the usage of hair oil. Hair oil was used on the hair to keep the hair smooth and prevent damage.
Hair Products
Hair products were essential for achieving and maintaining the perfect nineteen thirties look. Hair sprays were used to hold styles in place. The products often had a strong hold, ensuring that the carefully sculpted waves and curls would stay put throughout the day.
The Role of the Salon
The hair salon played a vital role in the pursuit of these looks. The salons of the nineteen thirties were not merely places to get a haircut; they were social hubs where women could relax, socialize, and be pampered. Skilled hairdressers were in high demand, as women sought their expertise in creating and maintaining the latest trends. The salons provided a space for women to escape the pressures of the time, and to express their individuality.
Influence and Legacy
The impact of nineteen thirties hairstyles extends far beyond the decade itself. The elegance and sophistication of these styles have continued to inspire fashion trends in the decades that followed.
Nineteen forties hairstyles embraced the waves, bobs and updos of the past, but the new war effort introduced more practicality. The styles, however, retained the sophistication of the nineteen thirties. The nineteen fifties continued this trajectory, and then brought forth a more experimental period for hairstyles.
Modern interpretations of these hairstyles can still be seen on the runways, in movies, and on celebrities today. The waves and bobs of the nineteen thirties are timeless.
Timeless Appeal
What gives these styles their appeal? The answer lies in their inherent beauty and versatility. The styles are timeless and sophisticated.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the hairstyles of the nineteen thirties were a reflection of a complex era, of both struggle and glamour. These styles are a testament to the creativity and resilience of women during a challenging period. The styles continue to inspire us. The beauty of the nineteen thirties hairstyles has not been lost.
Embrace the elegance, and remember the captivating power of the nineteen thirties hairstyles.
